Lynda Ashaw | Puerto Rican Artist, Art Historian & Educator

MAKE β€’ LOOK β€’ PRACTICE β€’ REPEAT

THE ART TIP JAR

Little things I've learned from painting, messing up, trying again, working professionally and paying closer attention.

Take what helps. Try it. Make it yours. Better than yesterday.

32 tips
and growing
RUMMAGE THROUGH THE JAR What are you working on?
Search it, choose a lane,
or let the jar decide. 🎨
01
#01–08 β€’ START PAINTING

Make acrylics work with you.

Drying time, gesso, layers, blending, brushes and knowing when to stop touching the damn thing.

01 ACRYLIC β€’ WORKING TIME Use a Stay-Wet Palette Give acrylic paint a little more time before it leaves the chat. +
LYN'S TIP

Acrylics dry fast. A moisture-retaining palette can keep paint workable much longer, especially when you're painting outside, working slowly or living somewhere warm.

WHY IT WORKS +
The moist layer underneath helps maintain a humid micro-environment around the paint so water leaves the acrylic more slowly.
DIY VERSION +
Use a shallow covered container, a wet sponge or absorbent layer and palette paper designed to allow moisture transfer. Keep the setup clean.
TRY IT 🎨 Mix one color on a regular palette and the same color on a stay-wet palette. Check both after 20–30 minutes.
02 SURFACE β€’ GROUND Prime Time: Why Gesso Matters Your painting starts before the first pretty brushstroke. +
LYN'S TIP

An acrylic ground such as gesso changes absorbency, color and tooth. That means the surface itself affects how your brush moves and how the paint behaves.

WHAT IT DOES +
It creates a painting ground with a more predictable surface and can reduce unwanted absorbency from a raw support.
TONED GROUND +
Tint acrylic gesso with a compatible acrylic color and begin on something other than stark white.
TRY IT 🎨 Paint three tiny studies: white ground, warm ground, cool ground. Notice how each changes your color decisions.
03 ACRYLIC β€’ BLENDING Slow Dry = Smoother Blend You don't have to race your acrylics every single time. +
LYN'S TIP

Acrylic retarder or a slow-drying medium can increase working time, which gives you more space to soften transitions instead of panic-blending.

Follow the manufacturer’s mixing limits. More retarder does not automatically mean better paint.
TRY IT 🎨 Make the same two-color gradient twice. One normally, one using the recommended amount of slow-drying medium.
04 COLOR β€’ LAYERS Vivid Color Loves Layers One thick pass isn't the only way to get richness. +
LYN'S TIP

Build the painting instead of asking one coat to do everything. Midtones, transparent passages, shadows and highlights can accumulate into much richer color.

BUILD IT +
Block major shapes first. Let passages dry when necessary. Then adjust temperature, value and saturation through additional layers.
WATCH FOR +
Acrylic color can shift slightly as it dries. Judge important relationships after the layer has settled.
TRY IT 🎨 Paint one red square in one opaque pass. Build another with several thinner layers. Compare.
05 LAYERS β€’ DETAILS Let the Base Settle Before Details Fine marks behave better when the layer underneath isn't fighting back. +
LYN'S TIP

When a base passage is still soft or half-dry, detail work can drag, lift or muddy it. Often the smartest detail technique is simply letting the previous layer dry first.

You do not need to seal every normal acrylic layer. Additional mediums or isolation layers should have a specific purpose and be compatible with the paint system.
TRY IT 🎨 Make five detail strokes over a tacky layer and five over a fully dry one. Feel the difference.
06 BRUSHWORK β€’ BLENDING Dampen the Brush, Don't Drown It A little moisture can help. A swimming pool cannot. +
LYN'S TIP

A clean, slightly damp brush can help soften an edge while acrylic is still workable. The key word is slightly.

TRY IT 🎨 Wipe excess water from your brush, then soften one edge. Leave the opposite edge crisp. Which one moves backward?
07 TOOLS β€’ CLEANUP Forgot the Brushes? Try to Save Them. Patient cleaning before aggressive brush murder. +
LYN'S TIP

Start gently. Warm water, appropriate brush soap or acrylic brush cleaner and patient working of the bristles are safer first moves than harsh scraping.

Once acrylic has fully cured inside the ferrule, some damage may be permanent. Strong solvents or improvised cleaners can also damage bristles or adhesives.
STUDIO RESET 🫧 Clean three brushes now and reshape their tips before they dry. Future-you says thank you.
08 PAINTING β€’ RESTRAINT Stop Before You Overwork It More brushing is not always more painting. +
LYN'S TIP

Acrylic has an awkward stage where it is neither properly wet nor properly dry. Repeatedly brushing that half-set paint can create roughness and muddy decisions.

TRY THIS ⏸️ When you feel the urge to β€œfix” the same spot for the fifth time, leave it alone for ten minutes.
Think: more pauses, less panic.
02
#09–16 β€’ ARTIST + MATERIALS

Make the art. Know the system.

Copyright, money, pricing and understanding what is actually inside the stuff on your palette.

09 ARTIST BIZ β€’ COPYRIGHT Your Art Already Has Copyright A signature is useful. Registration is something different. +
UPDATED FROM THE ORIGINAL TIP

Original visual artwork generally receives U.S. copyright protection when it is created and fixed in a tangible form. You do not create copyright merely by emailing yourself a photograph.

DOCUMENT IT +
Photograph finished work, keep creation dates, dimensions, medium, ownership and sales records. Good records help you manage your practice.
REGISTER? +
Registration with the U.S. Copyright Office creates a public record and can provide additional legal benefits.
DO THIS TODAY πŸ“Έ Properly photograph and catalog one finished artwork.
10 ARTIST BIZ β€’ MONEY Track What Comes In + Goes Out Creative chaos and financial chaos do not need to be roommates. +
LYN'S TIP

Track sales, commissions, fees and tips alongside materials, shipping, software, travel and other legitimate business expenses.

KEEP SEPARATE +
A separate business account or clearly separated records can make it much easier to understand what the art practice is actually doing.
GET HELP +
Business structure, local registrations and taxes vary. A qualified accountant or attorney can help with your specific situation.
5-MINUTE CEO MOVE Enter the last three art expenses you forgot to track.
11 PUERTO RICO β€’ BUSINESS Know Act 60 Exists. Then Verify. An incentive is not a magic coupon every artist automatically qualifies for. +
UPDATED FROM THE ORIGINAL TIP

Puerto Rico's Incentives Code includes categories related to exports, creative industries and other business activity. Whether a particular artist or service qualifies depends on current law, the exact activity and the decree/application process.

Don't build your pricing or business plan around a social-media summary of a tax program. Verify current requirements with DDEC and a Puerto Rico tax professional.
CEO HOMEWORK Write down where your clients actually live and what services you sell. That's the beginning of asking the right question.
12 ARTIST BIZ β€’ PRICING Don't Price by Emotion Alone β€œBut I love this one” is not a pricing system. +
LYN'S TIP

Create a consistent method that accounts for scale, materials, labor, overhead, framing, selling fees and the market you are actually working in.

CONSISTENCY +
Similar works should make sense beside each other. A repeatable pricing chart makes future increases much easier to explain.
REMEMBER +
No single formula fits every art practice. Your pricing method should match your work, buyers and actual business costs.
TRY THIS πŸ’΅ Pick your three most common sizes and write down one consistent price for each.
13 TOOLS β€’ BRUSHES Right Brush, Right Job Painting eyelashes with a broom is technically a choice. +
LYN'S TIP

Large flats, filberts and rounds can help establish bigger shapes. Smaller rounds, liners and riggers can give you more precision later.

TRY THIS πŸ–ŒοΈ Paint the same shape with three different brushes. Don't change the brushstroke to compensate. Let the tool show you what it does.
14 PAINT β€’ MATERIALS Student vs. Artist Grade Cheap does not mean useless. Expensive does not mean necessary for everything. +
LYN'S TIP

Artist and student lines can differ in pigment concentration, pigment selection, fillers, consistency and lightfastness. Those differences vary by manufacturer.

SMART BUDGET TEST Compare one student and artist-grade color from the same brand. Test tint strength with white instead of trusting the tube.
Practice materials are allowed to be practice materials. You do not need a luxury palette to learn color.
15 MATERIALS β€’ TEXTURE Texture Without Piling on Pigment Sometimes the body you want belongs in the medium, not another scoop of paint. +
LYN'S TIP

Acrylic gels can alter thickness, transparency and surface texture while extending compatible acrylic color.

GLOSS +
Useful when clarity and transparency matter.
MATTE +
Changes sheen and may create a more subdued surface.
TRY IT 🎨 Divide one spoonful of color in half. Add gel to one. Compare texture, coverage and transparency after drying.
16 MATERIALS β€’ DRYING What Exactly Is a Retarder? A little chemistry for artists who are tired of racing the clock. +
THE IDEA

Acrylic retarder is designed to slow evaporation and extend working time. It is useful for blending, large passages and other situations where normal acrylic drying feels too fast.

Ratios depend on the product. For example, GOLDEN warns against exceeding its stated maximum because excess retarder can leave the film tacky.
TEST, DON'T GUESS Make a little test chart using the manufacturer’s recommended ratios before using it on an important painting.
03
#17–24 β€’ MAKE IT LAST

The artwork has a life after the easel.

Grounds, varnish, storage, humidity and light. Especially when your studio happens to live on a tropical island.

17 ART CARE β€’ VARNISH Varnish 101 Gloss, matte and satin change appearance, but protection is a system. +
LYN'S TIP

A suitable removable varnish can act as a protective coating over some acrylic paintings and can alter sheen and saturation.

GLOSS +
Usually gives stronger saturation and more reflection.
MATTE / SATIN +
Can reduce glare, but matte agents and application technique affect appearance.
Not every artwork should be varnished the same way. Follow the paint/varnish manufacturer’s system and test first.
18 SURFACE β€’ PREP Wood β‰  Paper β‰  Canvas The support is part of the painting whether you respect it or not. +
THE POINT

Different supports move, absorb moisture and respond to paint differently. Preparation should match the material and the kind of artwork you are making.

WOOD +
Rigid but responsive to environmental changes. Some woods also contain materials that can migrate into paint layers.
CANVAS +
Flexible support. Grounding affects absorbency, tooth and how the fabric interacts with paint.
PAPER +
Weight, sizing, moisture and whether it is mounted all affect buckling and handling.
TRY THIS Put the same acrylic color on primed canvas, heavy paper and a prepared panel. Compare the edges and absorption.
19 COLOR β€’ SEEING The Color Wheel Is a Map, Not a Law Use it to ask better color questions, not to stop looking. +
LYN'S TIP

Complementary, analogous and other color relationships are useful planning tools. But real pigments and real light are more complicated than a perfect classroom wheel.

HARMONY +
Restricting the palette can help colors feel related. One accent color can then carry much more visual weight.
TEMPERATURE +
Warm and cool relationships can help create atmosphere, depth and focal movement.
MUSEUM PRACTICE πŸ‘€ Find the warmest and coolest area in one painting. Don't name the colors first. Compare them.
20 TOOLS β€’ BUDGET Cheap Brushes Still Have Jobs Not every studio task deserves your precious tiny favorite brush. +
USE THEM FOR

Gesso, rough texture, experimentation, glue, messy mediums and effects where pristine bristles are not the point.

STUDIO SYSTEM Make two brush cups: β€œmessy jobs” and β€œprecision.”
21 MATERIALS β€’ FOUNDATION Gesso Is Not White Paint They can both look white. They have different jobs. +
THE DIFFERENCE

Acrylic gesso is formulated as a ground for painting. White acrylic paint is primarily there to make color, tint mixtures and create opaque painted passages.

TRY IT Brush one patch of gesso and one patch of white paint onto a test panel. Let both dry and compare tooth with your fingertips.
22 TROPICAL STUDIO β€’ HUMIDITY About Gesso on the Back... This older tip deserves a little conservation nuance. +
UPDATED FROM THE SERIES

In a humid climate it is completely reasonable to think about the back of the canvas. But coating the reverse with gesso is not a universal preservation rule for every painting.

Conservation guidance prioritizes a stable environment, protection from water, sensible humidity control and material-specific treatment. If longevity really matters, avoid assuming one recipe works for every support.
TROPICAL STUDIO CHECK 🌴 Look behind one stored painting. Is there airflow? Is it against damp masonry? Is there mold or condensation?
23 STORAGE β€’ HUMIDITY Humidity-Safe Art Storage Your painting is still aging while you're ignoring it in the corner. +
WATCH OUT FOR

Water, very high humidity and rapid humidity changes can damage paintings and encourage mold growth. Storage location matters.

BETTER STORAGE +
Keep works safely supported, away from water sources and direct contact with damp surfaces, with a reasonably stable environment.
CHECK OFTEN +
Look for mold, corrosion, loose hardware, water marks and changes in tension before they become emergencies.
5-MINUTE STUDIO AUDIT Move one artwork away from the floor, damp masonry or another obvious moisture risk.
24 LIGHT β€’ ART CARE A Little UV Secret Varnish can help. Shade still matters. +
UPDATED FROM THE SERIES

Some conservation varnishes include ultraviolet-light stabilizers that can slow color change. They do not make a painting invincible to prolonged direct light.

Think layers of protection: appropriate materials, suitable coating when needed, and sensible display away from intense direct sunlight.
LOOK AROUND β˜€οΈ At the brightest time of day, check whether direct sun actually lands on any artwork in your home or studio.
04
#25–28 β€’ WORKING ARTIST

Talent is only part of the job.

Systems, boundaries, ladders, weather, walls, labor and all the decidedly unromantic things that help professional art actually happen.

25 STUDIO β€’ WORKFLOW Paint Like a Professional, Not a Panic Artist Protect the creative energy from stupid little setup decisions. +
LYN'S SYSTEM

Separate some studio tasks by purpose. Prep, painting, detail work and cleanup use different kinds of attention.

PREP +
Gesso, surfaces, sketches, palettes and material setup.
PAINT +
Color, form and bigger decisions.
DETAIL +
Refinement, corrections, edges and finishing.
LEAVE A TRAIL +
End by leaving tomorrow-you a note about exactly what should happen next.
DO THIS BEFORE YOU LEAVE Clean one brush, prepare one palette and leave one sentence telling tomorrow-you what happens next.
26 ARTIST BIZ β€’ BOUNDARIES Exposure Doesn't Pay for Paint Excitement is not the same thing as strategy. +
BEFORE SAYING YES

Calculate materials, design time, travel, childcare, installation, cleanup and the paid work you may be giving up to take the opportunity.

ASK FIRST +
Is there a stipend? Materials budget? Promotion? Written credit? Documentation? A real reason this relationship matters to your practice?
FREE CAN BE STRATEGIC +
Sometimes. But choose it deliberately because it serves a mission or relationship, not because somebody called payment β€œvisibility.”
CEO QUESTION If nobody saw this project except the people directly involved, would you still want to do it?
27 MURALS β€’ FIELD WORK Murals Are Won in Preparation The wall is not the place to discover you forgot the extension pole. +
FIELD LOGISTICS

Limit unnecessary decisions on site. Organize tools, premix high-use colors where practical and understand the surface before you start painting.

CONTROL SETUP +
Put tools where the workflow needs them. Repeated climbing, walking and searching becomes real physical cost.
SURFACES CHANGE +
Concrete, brick, wood and metal do not accept materials identically. Prep and paint system matter.
WORK IN ZONES +
Establish a logical order so color, shadows and finishing remain consistent across a large wall.
BEFORE THE NEXT WALL Write a 10-item β€œonsite failure prevention” checklist.
28 MURALS β€’ CLIENT EDUCATION Murals Are Construction Projects With Paint The pretty part happens because the boring parts were handled. +
WHAT CLIENTS DON'T SEE

Site conditions, cleaning, surface preparation, paint systems, access, weather, physical labor, public visibility and long-term durability all affect a mural before the final image exists.

THE WALL +
Preparation is a major factor in mural longevity. A bad substrate can undermine excellent painting.
THE WEATHER +
Heat, humidity, wind and rain affect working conditions and material performance.
THE PEOPLE +
Public murals also function as visual communication across distance, architecture, traffic and pedestrian experience.
CLIENT EDUCATION Before quoting your next mural, write one sentence explaining what surface preparation is included.
05
#29–32 β€’ LEARN TO SEE

The brush isn't always the problem.

Texture, perception, edges and color. Sometimes getting better means learning to look again.

29 TEXTURE β€’ MATERIAL BEHAVIOR Texture Without Expensive Materials You're not just layering materials. You're layering behavior. +
FROM THE ART TIP JAR

Paper absorbs. Ink travels. Pencil presses. Tea stains. Loose particles sit differently than dissolved color. Start noticing what materials actually do instead of treating everything like paint.

LOOK CLOSER +
  • Does it soak in?
  • Does it sit on top?
  • Does it stain?
  • Does it resist?
  • Does it physically change the surface?
MATERIAL NOTE +
Experimental materials can be wonderful, but experimental does not automatically mean archival. If longevity matters, learn what your materials and binders are doing.
TRY IT 🎨 Make four tiny texture samples using four different tools or materials. Write one word beside each describing what the surface did.
30 SEEING β€’ VALUES Your Eye Is Lying to You Sometimes you stop seeing the painting and start seeing what you think is there. +
FROM THE ART TIP JAR

The longer you stare at something, the more familiar it becomes. Your brain starts filling gaps and smoothing problems because it already knows what it expects to see.

RESET YOUR EYE +
  • Step away.
  • Mirror the image.
  • Photograph it.
  • Turn it upside down.
  • Come back after a break.
WHY SQUINT? +
Squinting quiets smaller details and makes larger light and dark relationships easier to compare.
60-SECOND RESET πŸ‘€ Photograph your painting and flip it horizontally. Fix only the first thing that suddenly looks wrong.
You don't paint what you see. You paint what you can perceive clearly.
31 EDGES β€’ HIERARCHY Stop Outlining Everything. Seriously. Not every edge deserves the same volume. +
FROM THE ART TIP JAR

Hard edges grab attention. Soft edges let the eye travel. When every shape has an equally sharp border, the whole painting starts competing with itself.

SAVE HARD EDGES FOR +
  • Focal points.
  • Strong value shifts.
  • Crisp cast shadows.
  • Places where you want attention.
SOFTEN EDGES +
Around turning forms, some hair, background transitions and shapes moving farther into space.
TRY IT πŸ‘€ Squint at the painting. Find the sharpest edge. Is that actually where you want me looking?
32 COLOR β€’ OBSERVATION Shadows Still Need Color Dark doesn't mean empty. And black isn't the villain. +
FROM THE ART TIP JAR

Shadows can contain local color, reflected light and color bouncing from the scene. Reaching automatically for black can make you stop noticing those relationships.

LOOK FOR +
  • Sky color.
  • Skin.
  • Clothing.
  • Nearby walls.
  • Reflected color.
BLACK ISN'T BAD +
Black belongs on a palette. The problem is reaching for it on autopilot before you actually look.
PRO ARTIST TEST 🎨 Paint the same shadow twice. Darken one with tube black. Mix the other using colors already in the scene. Which one feels more connected?
Instead of only asking, β€œHow dark is this?” try: β€œWhat color is this dark?”

LYN'S ART TIP JAR GAME

Pick a paint dot. 🎨

Don't read ahead. Pick the color you're drawn to. Open it and I'll give you one tiny thing to actually do.

COLOR
YELLOW DOT β€’ COLOR

Shadow Remix

Find one shadow near you. Before grabbing black, look for the other colors hiding inside it.

YOUR ASSIGNMENT Mix that shadow using colors already present in the scene.
πŸ‘€ Make it harder

Paint it twice. One version with tube black. One with mixed color. Which actually feels connected to the scene?

Keep learning β€’ National Gallery β†—
MAKE
ORANGE DOT β€’ MAKE

Texture Laboratory

Grab scrap paper. This is an experiment, not a masterpiece.

YOUR ASSIGNMENT Make four marks using four different tools or materials.
πŸ‘€ Make it harder

Describe each mark with a behavior: soak, scrape, drag, resist, pool, stain, smooth, rough.

Keep learning β€’ National Gallery β†—
BRAVE
RED DOT β€’ BRAVE

No Outlines Allowed

Pick one simple object. You're going to make it appear without drawing a border around the whole thing.

YOUR ASSIGNMENT Use only light shapes, dark shapes and changing edges.
πŸ‘€ Make it harder

Lose one entire edge into the background. Let the viewer's brain finish the object.

Learn more β€’ Elements of Art β†—
SEE
BLUE DOT β€’ SEE

Museum Detective

Find an artwork you don't know. No Googling the artist first.

YOUR ASSIGNMENT Look for two full minutes before reading the title or museum label.
πŸ‘€ Three questions

What did you notice first? What took longer? What question do you have now?

Enter the National Gallery collection β†—
STUDIO
PURPLE DOT β€’ STUDIO

Help Tomorrow-You

Studio practice isn't only what happens while the brush is moving.

YOUR ASSIGNMENT Clean three brushes and leave one note saying exactly what you'll do next.
✨ One more thing

Put tomorrow's first tool somewhere obvious. Remove one tiny piece of friction.

Keep learning β€’ GOLDEN Resources β†—
ARTIST
GREEN DOT β€’ ARTIST LIFE

Give One Artwork a Paper Trail

Finished work deserves better than disappearing somewhere in your camera roll.

YOUR ASSIGNMENT Photograph one artwork and record: title, year, medium, dimensions and price.
πŸ’Ό Make it CEO-ish

Add availability, current location and your known material cost.

Keep learning β€’ Copyright Office β†—
BETTER THAN YESTERDAY. Don't like your pull? Pick another dot. 🎨